Chongfan Technology
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15
2024
-
11
Academician Chang Ruihua's team has made new progress in short-distance optical communication high-speed interconnection technology.
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850nm wavelength multimode vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) and multimode fibers (MMFs) have become ideal choices for short-distance optical interconnects in data centers and supercomputing systems due to their low power consumption and cost-effectiveness. However, with the growth of data center traffic, the demand for single-channel 100Gbps and higher transmission rates has increased, especially in applications supporting multimedia networks and cloud computing. High transmission rates require multimode fibers to have better mode dispersion control over the same distance, increasing optimization difficulty and costs. In contrast, the combination of single-mode VCSELs and single-mode fibers avoids the mode dispersion problem, enabling more efficient and cost-effective transmission, making it a more economical choice. Recently, a team led by Academician Chang Ruihua from Tsinghua University Shenzhen International Graduate School proposed a single-mode VCSEL design based on a chirped high-contrast metastructure (chirped HCM). This design replaces the traditional multilayer DBR mirrors with a single-layer chirped HCM structure, effectively suppressing higher-order modes through spatial gradient reflectivity, only exciting the fundamental mode, thus achieving better mode selectivity while simplifying the VCSEL structure.
The single-mode VCSEL designed by the research team demonstrates excellent power output and spectral stability under different temperature and current conditions (Figure 3). Tests show that the VCSEL maintains stable output power across a wide temperature range of 25°C, 50°C, and 75°C, and performs well in beam mode, ensuring efficient mode control capability. Further test results indicate that the side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) exceeds 40dB under 2-8mA current and 5-75°C operating temperature, giving it significant advantages in mode selectivity and stability, making it suitable for short-distance high-speed optical interconnect applications that require high output stability.
In addition, the team also conducted tests on the frequency response, relative intensity noise (RIN), and high-speed eye diagrams of the VCSEL (Figure 4). The results show that the VCSEL maintains good frequency response characteristics in the high-frequency range, ensuring the stability of high-speed data transmission. Under different current conditions, the relative intensity noise (RIN) of the VCSEL performs excellently overall, with RIN peaks generally below -130dB/Hz in the high-frequency range, meeting the low noise level requirements for high-speed transmission and ensuring the stability of signal quality. In high-speed transmission tests at 53Gbps and 106Gbps PAM4, the VCSEL's eye diagrams are clear with good openings, complying with the IEEE 802.3db™-2022 standard, validating its signal integrity and low noise characteristics at high data rates, showcasing the tremendous potential of this design in short-distance optical interconnect applications for data centers and supercomputing systems.
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