Chongfan Technology
News
07
2024
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11
Spin-based Schrodinger Cat States Prepared by Laser Cold Atom Method
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The University of Science and Technology of China, in cooperation with Hefei National Laboratory Xia Tian, Lu Zhengtian, Zou Changling and others, used the laser cold atom method to prepare spin-based Schrodinger cat states with a lifetime of minutes, which helps to improve the measurement sensitivity of spin precession phase. The relevant results were published in the journal Nature Photonics on November 1 under the title "Minutes-scale Schrodinger-cat state of spin-5/2 Photonics.
In quantum precision measurement, spin precession is not only an effective probe to measure many physical phenomena such as magnetic field and inertia, but also can be used to explore new physics beyond the standard model. In the measurement of spin precession, the high spin Schrodinger cat state has obvious advantages, on the one hand, because the high spin quantum number amplifies the precession frequency signal; on the other hand, because the cat state is not sensitive to some environmental interference factors, thus suppressing the measurement noise. However, the application of cat states in experiments faces two major technical challenges: one is how to achieve efficient manipulation of unitary transformations in high-dimensional quantum space; the other is the need to maintain a long enough quantum coherence time.
Figure. Ytterbium -173 atomic spins form Schrodinger cat states in a one-dimensional optical lattice. The two spheres on the left represent the two eigenstates with spin up and down, respectively, which are superimposed to form the Schrodinger cat state represented by the sphere on the right.
In this work, the research team successfully realized a Schrodinger cat state with ultra-long coherence time. Researchers use optical lattice to trap ytterbium -173 atoms with spin of 5/2, and prepare superposition states composed of spin projection of 5/2 and -5/2 by controlling laser pulse to induce nonlinear optical frequency shift to atoms. Because the magnetic quantum numbers of these two states are farthest apart, their superposition is called the Schrodinger cat state. This cat state has enhanced magnetic field sensitivity, and at the same time feels exactly the same light frequency shift in the optical lattice, which is in the "non-decoherence subspace", so that it has natural immunity to the intensity noise and spot morphology changes of the optical lattice. The experimental results show that the coherent time of the cat state breaks through 20 minutes. With Ramsey interferometry, the researchers confirmed phase measurement sensitivity close to the Heisenberg limit. This long-lived Schrodinger cat state opens up new avenues for atomic magnetometers, quantum information error correction, and the exploration of new physics.
Dr. Yang Yang of Hefei Microscale Material Science Research Center is the first author of the paper, and researcher Xia Tian and Professor Lu Zhengtian are the co-corresponding authors. The research work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Ministry of Science and Technology.
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