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2024

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Nat Microbiol | Zhejiang University Wang Mengcen Research Group Reveals Symbiotic Bacteria Chemical Signals for Remodeling Rice Disease Resistance!

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Symbiosis is a common ecological phenomenon in nature, which refers to the close relationship of interdependence and mutual influence between two or more different organisms. In the aboveground parts of plants (such as leaves, flowers, etc.), there are microbial communities such as fungi and bacteria, which form a symbiotic relationship with plants in the form of nutrient exchange and signal exchange, which is called interphytosymbiosis. Symbionts and the plant immune system co-regulate plant disease resistance.However, the current understanding of how interphytosymbionts regulate plant disease resistance is still lagging behind, which is one of the important scientific issues in the field of plant-microbial interaction.

On August 2, 2024, Wang Mengcen's research group and collaborators of Zhejiang UniversityNature Microbiology（IF=20.5）Published online entitled“Aspergillus Cauliflowersprotects against phytopathogens through interspecies chemical signalling in the phyllosphere”The research paper,The studyIt was found that the chemical signal transmission between interfoliar symbiotic bacteria and pathogenic bacteria remodeled the disease resistance of rice, which provided a new understanding of the interaction mechanism of rice-symbiotic bacteria-pathogenic bacteria, and was of great significance for the efficient use of symbiotic bacteria resources to control rice diseases.

 

When identifying the disease resistance of different rice varieties, the researchers found that when the interfoliar symbiosis community was destroyed, the difference in disease resistance between different varieties was significantly reduced. This suggests that, in addition to disease resistance genes, interfoliar symbionts play an important role in the regulation of disease resistance in rice. In order to further analyze the mechanism behind this phenomenon, the researchers selected three representative rice varieties with different disease resistance (Teqing, Nippon Sunny and Lemont) to carry out further work. Through the analysis of the structure of the microbial community in the leaf, it was found that the fungal community showed a high correlation with the rice sheath blight resistance.Aspergillussignificantly positive correlation with disease resistance.Targeted screening of isolated interleaf strains, researchers successfully identified interleaf symbiotic fungi that promote disease resistance in riceAspergillus flowering treesIt was found that the chemical small molecule signal of the exocrine is very important for the defense of rice against pathogen infection.

A Regulatory Model for Remodelling Disease Resistance of Rice by Symbiotic Bacteria Chemical Signals

Using the cross-cutting research methods of bioorganic chemistry, chemical genetics, bioinformatics and molecular biology, researchers isolated and identified A. cvjetkoviciiThe chemical small molecule signal 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(2,4-DTBP), and found that pathogenic bacteria such as Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium fujikura had an imbalance of intracellular ROS homeostasis after exposure to 2,4-DTBP, and the transcription factor bZIP could not normally bind to the cis-element of the conservative pathogenic gene AMT1 promoter, thus reducing the expression and pathogenicity of AMT1 and losing the ability to infect rice. Field and greenhouse experiments show that,A. cvjetkoviciiWith 2,4-DTBP can not only reduce the incidence of rice sheath blight and bazaar disease, but also help a variety of crops (such as corn, tomato, etc.) to resist the infection of Rhizoctonia solani.
In summary, this study found the key role of the interphytosymbiotic fungus A. cvjetkovicii in the regulation of plant disease resistance, revealed the interference mechanism of its chemical small molecule signal 2,4-DTBP on the pathogenicity of the pathogen, and provided new resources for the development of efficient and stable plant disease control technology.
Professor Wang Mengcen is the final corresponding author, associate researcher Li Shaojia and associate professor of Tomislav Cernava at the University of Southampton are the co-corresponding authors, and Dr. Fan Xiaoyan (currently a postdoctoral fellow at the Center for Excellence and Innovation in Molecular Plant Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) is the first author. Professor Ma Zhonghua and Professor Berg, Gabriele of the University of Potsdam, Germany, provided important support for the research. The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the National Key R & D Program.

Wang Mengcen's research group has long been committed to the research and application of rice-symbiotic bacteria-pathogen interaction mechanism innovation, and has made a series of important progress. It is found that commensal bacteria can activate the host disease resistance metabolic pathway (Nature Microbiology, 2023), interfering with the transcription of pathogenic genes of pathogenic bacteria (Nature Microbiology, 2024) and targeted inhibition of pathogenic virulence factors (Nature Plants, 2021) and other key mechanisms involved in the regulation of rice disease resistance, the construction of rice disease resistance symbiosis resource mining and accurate design platform (Nature Food, 2022), established symbiotic bacteria assisted disease resistance breeding process and strategy (Nature Plants, 2024), and apply some basic research results to the research and development of new biodefense technologies (Fundamental Research, 2022; New Phytologist, 2024), for the efficient use of symbiotic bacteria resources to break through the bottleneck of plant disease prevention and laid a solid foundation.

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